Another thing you should know: Promoters of the lone assassin theory often stress the fact that one shot can sound like two. I wondered what would happen if I lined them up so I did. There were several other reports made by witneses in or near Dealey Plaza during the assassination. She turned toward me and I grabbed her and put her back in the back seat. Statements by Zapruder and Marilyn Sitzman, the woman who assisted him while he operated his camera, suggested that he DID film the turn onto Elm Street. Abraham Zapruder's camera was running at a determinable speed: 18.3 frames per second. [43], In "Murder Most Foul", a musical meditation on Kennedy's assassination and its effect on American counterculture, Bob Dylan sings 'Zapruder's film I've seen that before / seen it 33 times maybe more' [44]. It's funny how the Warren Commission apologists have no problem believing ONE witness who says it was Oswald, but can't bring themselves to believe 10 or 20 witnesses who claimed to have seen the same thing. The only two I am aware of are DellaRosa and Burnham. Chaney was never called to testify before the Warren Commission. However, the chance of a leaked version ever seeing the light of day showing images of the limousine stopping during the assassination would have been infinitely more devastating to the Secret Service and would have been proof of SS complicity. Why not ?The Limousine Stop Years later, in an interview she gave with my mother, Marilyn remembered, "When they started to make their first turn, turning into the street, he said, 'OK, here we go.' Photo credit: Ike Altgens / AP / Wikimedia. Nallis not the first person to use physics to model the bullets trajectorythe head wound and ballistics are covered in-depth in theWarren Report. We also know that the CIA destroyed its records of the films stay at that lab. [9][10][11][12][13][14] You can see how his visor snaps up when contact is made. Apparently the team that worked on the second examination was given 16mm film and made up another, and possibly larger, series of frame prints, and that another set of briefing boards was also created. Mary Moorman and James Altgens, their cameras loaded with black-and-white film, were positioned near the curb across the street from where Abe was standing. (Unless Mr. Palamara knows different.). Zapruder died in 1970, but Life Magazine later sold the film back to his family in 1975 for the token sum of $1.00. PDF The Great Zapruder Film Hoax - Assassination Science The film being "lost in the processing plant" destroys its chain-of-possession. Whereas witness reports can be in error.. . (Go here for individual still frames from the entire extant film. In this essay, Cranor asks readers to consider whether there is a significant discrepancy between the Nix and Zapruder films of the assassination, and if this indicates tampering. ", .css-1fgik18{color:#323232;display:block;font-family:NewParis,NewParis-fallback,Georgia,Times,serif;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0.3125rem;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-font-smoothing:auto;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-1fgik18:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1fgik18{font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1fgik18{font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1fgik18{font-size:1.3125rem;line-height:1.2;}}JFK's Grandson Passes the Bar, Jackie Kennedy's Two Former DC Homes Are For Sale, Jack Antonoff Wore a Bobby Kennedy Campaign Pin, The Royal Family & the Kennedys Through the Years, Kennedy Family Shares Photos of Conor in Ukraine, Caroline Kennedy Reflects on Shinzo Abe's Legacy. The video was projected onto Lee Harvey Oswald's T-shirt in the 2004 revival of the Broadway musical, Assassins. Despite the film's pro-Stones bias, Selvin notes that the . I dont know if you have ever laid down close to the ground when you heard the reports coming, but its a whole lot plainer than it is when you are standing up in the air. If the film was edited, the last step in the editing process, reducing it back from 16mm to 8mm, could only have been done at one of the commerical venues or, more likely, at the "Hawkeye Works" lab at Eastman Kodak in Rochester, NY. Were they all suffering from the same mass hallucination ? Dutton, a comedy ghostwriter, and editor of consequential legal and scientific documents. Learn more about Erin and her work at erinblakemore.com. This missing part of the film, the frames between Z 132 and Z 133, could contain frames for 21 seconds. If a . And he associates a third shot with the way it sounded as he lay on the ground. Simply the scene content of the inside of the p. limo. Then someone behind them dropped a soda bottle, which made a loud crack and shattered on the concrete. "And then I realized," Abe said. [15], In October 1964, the U.S. Government Printing Office released 26 volumes of testimony and evidence compiled by the Warren Commission. The provenance of the Zapruder film was firmly established and the film was regarded as the single most reliable piece of assassination evidence.Today, however, things are different. Thats the only smoking gun in the film.. ZAPRUDER fILM - Who Killed JFK Frame 313 of the film captures the fatal shot to the President's head. Frame 153 from the Zapruder film. FINAL.pdf - Connor Troha Professor Ramey AWR 201-22 30th READ AN EXCERPT: "Story of a Poem" by Michael Zapruder In his memoir, the celebrated writer asks questions about the writing of a poem, and the meaning of communication, after his son is diagnosed . A third amateur film of the assassination, taken by Marie Muchmore, only shows Hill getting off the follow-up car and making a run for the Kennedys car. A study suggests the 'grassy knoll' JFK assassination theory is bogus. (It shows up only as a white blur on the blue near the bumper.). 'Parkland' is powerful, disturbing The problem is not . In Harry's account, it was he who told Abe that the Secret Service would want to see the film, and he offered to get Dallas Secret Service chief Forrest Sorrels and bring him to Jennifer Juniors [the business which Abe owned]. This would contradict the Commissions central finding that JFK was killed by a single shooter. It just couldn't be done. In early 1964, the Warren Commission spent weeks examining the footage and conducting tests on Zapruders camera during its official investigation of the assassination. What's gone wrong?" . There was a risk, however: He would need to set the telephoto lens on full zoom in order to get a clear view of them, and he worried that he would get dizzy standing up on the ledge while following them through the lens as they passed by. JFK-MLK-RFK Assassinations. I recall that Vince Palarmara said something like 59 witnesses said the p. limo came to a stop. That would have required starting with the wound and ending up with no wound. Zapruder Film Original - JFK Assassination - YouTube That gives one a lot of scenes to use elsewhere. I can find no cache of individual frames from the Nix film, but here are two copies of the film that offer different advantages: A good steady copy that stops on each frame: We dont really know what any of it means. I immediately looked to my right, and, in so doing, my eyes had to cross the Presidential limousine and I saw President Kennedy grab at himself and lurch forward and to the left. Astronomy. Wrone is a history professor who tracks the chain of evidence for the film. 20 frames from the time Webb hit the dirt, until AC made contact. "Some people were screaming," she said. But the first thing I remember is after that bottle hit and I looked down . Or even the next one. Chaney was the inside rider at the right rear of the limousine. Zapruder, armed with his Super Eight camera, filmed what would be the only movie footage of the assassination. In recent interviews (here, here, here, and here), Hill revised what he reported in his sworn testimony. Abraham Zapruder - Wikipedia These are physical even visceral connections he makes with the time JFKs head came apart. But then suddenly Governor Connally was yelling . When we contemplate the possibility the Zapruder film was altered, we tend to think first of the type of alteration accomplished by replacing authentic frames with forged or composite frames. There are serious doubts about whether the film is original and an accurate depiction of the assassination. The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza. So decisions made as to what could be seen in the composite had to be across-the-board convincing of the cover story, at least within the limits of argument. For an instant, Abe and Marilyn stood stunned on the concrete stump, paralyzed by what had just happened. The following excerpt from .css-gegin5{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#9a0500;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-gegin5:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Twenty-Six Seconds by Zapruder's granddaughter Alexandra details how he captured history, and what happened next. In early 1967, Life released a statement saying that four frames of the original (frames 208211) were accidentally destroyed, and the adjacent frames damaged, by a Life photo lab technician on November 23, 1963. [10][12], Brugioni thought the Zapruder Film in the National Archives today, and available to the public, has been altered from the version of the film he saw and worked with on November 2324. JFK Assassination Film: Proof of Tampering? - WhoWhatWhy What needs to be changed to tell a different story? On November 22, 1963, Abraham Zapruder shot what has become the most famous home movie of all time: a chilling 26-second snippet of film depicting the assassination of President John F. Kennedy . The president's elbows fly up, his face distorted in pain, and he suddenly hunches forward as his wife looks at Governor Connally, sitting in the jump seat across from them, before turning back to her husband with visible confusion on her face. Just look in YouTube, a JFK assassination book, or visit any Kennedy conspiracy conference. The Nix film is on record too. JFK Zapruder Film: All Frames & High Quality - YouTube The briefing boards and notes were then turned over to Arthur Lundahl. everybody was laying flat on the ground almost. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. Officer B.J. So here is my question. It just couldn't be done. However, frames 208211 were missing, a splice was visible in frames 207 and 212, frames 314 and 315 were switched around, and frame 284 was a repeat of 283. There was nothing and you couldn't get anything on television . [21], On October 26, 1992, then-U.S. President George H. W. Bush signed into law the President John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Collection Act (the "JFK Act"), which sought to preserve for historical and governmental purposes all records related to President Kennedy's assassination. This is crudely done since I am not a film editor. JFK film mystery: Lost original footage of Kennedy assassination sparks Maurice Orr, a Wamix Ready-Mix Concrete employee was standing on the north side of Elm St between the lamposts, one of the last spectators on that side of the street. ( Decker Exhibit 5323, 19 H 467 ) It would seem that the composite film was made from a copy that had been reviewed in Washington while Dino Brugioni was printing stills and preparing briefing boards from the original. I believe that this proves that this frame is a composite frame, the top half from one frame and the bottom half of another. The reel would then be removed from the camera (a process which could take place in subdued light), the feed and take-up reels swapped and reloaded so that the other half of the film could be exposed in a process analogous to half-track audio tape. It went in my back and came out my chest about 2 inches below and the left of my right nipple. Furthermore, it is indisputable that various official documents as well as other key assassination-related materials have been falsified, replaced or destroyed. I thank Pamela Brown, a flautist and JFK assassination researcher, for her help in understanding certain aspects of Kennedys limousine. It would have been impossible to alter the film in such a way as to depict the movement of the head as being anything other than what it was. The first Bang can cause the little muscles supporting the eardrum to contract defensively, making one temporarily deaf to a second Bang. That is about 20% of the witnesses in Dealey Plaza. NARA may make a single fair-use copy of the film and sell it to any researcher. Z-381, Z-382, Z-383, Z-384, Z-385, Z-386, Z-387, Z-388, Z-389, Z-390, Z-391, Z-392, Z-393, Z-394, Z-395, Z-396. This movement of the limousine is verified by witness Roy Truly, who testified that,"I saw the President's car swerve to the left and stop." "I saw the president lean over to Jacqueline. I didn't realize what had happened," Abe remembered. No. [1], On the morning of November 23, CBS lost the bidding for the footage to Life magazine's $150,000 offer ($1,330,000 in 2023). A closeup from the portion of the film showing the fatal shot to Kennedy's head is also shown in the Clint Eastwood film In the Line of Fire. Abraham Zapruder: The Man Behind the Film of JFK's Assassination Governor Connally was also shot, though he made a full recovery. ( pg. 2 hours ago, Jamey Flanagan said: Just a thought. I couldnt reconcile those differences. The processed film then was taken by Zapruder to the Jamieson labs so that 3 optical print copies could be made. "[31], The evidence offered by Holland and Rush to support their theory was challenged in a series of 200708 articles by computer animator Dale K. Myers and assassination researcher Todd W. Vaughan, who defended the prevailing belief that Zapruder's film captured the entire shooting sequence. The film's physical location remained the same, only its record classification changed. He was by himself on the plaza, distraught and in a daze, with the camera still in his hand and the case slung over his shoulder, when he encountered Harry McCormick, a reporter from the Dallas Morning News. Throw out 20% of the witnesses because they said something different. Abe answered that he would not speak about the film with anyone but the federal authorities. But critics have pointed out those things that make the films provenance suspect; its images are chock-full of unexplained anomalies as well as inconsistencies between the Zapruder film and Dealey Plaza eyewitness testimony. I have watched that documentary, and I firmly believe that Dino Brugioni is a competent, credible, honest and forth-right expert who clearly and cogently presented evidence that proves the Zapruder film was altered; frames missing, showing more visuals of the brain matter shooting higher up in the air, the motorcade stopping, etc. Connally's testimony anywhere, and before the WC and especially before the HSCA, I conclude Connally was shot at ~Z-295 and JFK at 313. Another spot was blocked by a tree. I couldn't understand how a thing like this could happen. These witnesses directly contradict the Zapruder Film and all of the frames past Z 133. Whether it was filmed by Zapruder or is a completely different film I'll still refer to it in this thread as an unaltered Zapruder film or UZ for short. See the "Rather Lies" page for the chronology of what happened to the Zapruder Film. [30] Holland and Rush have pointed out that Zapruder temporarily stopped filming at around frame 132, when only police motorcycles were visible. There has been much recent discussion and debate about the authenticity of the Zapruder film of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in Dallas on November 22, 1963. Nov. 18, 2013 -- The 26-second film often regarded as the most famous home movie in history was shot by a Texas dressmaker who initially didn . After having a nightmare in which he saw a sign in Times Square, New York City, with the phrase "See the President's head explode! So, that's quite a conundrum. Twice during that interview,he said that the car stopped. "That . Member of Amnesty International. What Physics Reveals About the JFK Assassination - History How many people were photographing the motorcade? In his affidavit, Billy Lovelady, an employee of the Texas School Book Depository, said"I recall that following the shooting, I ran toward the spotwhere President Kennedy's car had stopped." For your convenience, here are links to frames that appear before, during, and after Jackie gets to the farthest place on the trunk. The Zapruder film shows President Kennedy being shot from behind and not from the infamous grassy knoll, in corroboration of the official autopsy findings, says Nalli in a release. Her right elbow is above the word Continental on the side of the car. A specific mystery concerns what happened to the one shot that missed (and how Lee Harvey Oswald came to miss at what was assumed to be close range). Pleased with the results, they asked for a 35 mm internegative to be made. Abe Zapruder had no idea when he took his 8-millimeter camera down to Dealey Plaza that he would record President Kennedy's assassination. The inaccuracies in his description contributed to many conspiracy theories about the assassination. He turned his film over to the FBI on December 1, 1963. That person was a 58-year old Dallas dress manufacturer, Abraham Zapruder, who died in 1970. There have been many people who have claimed to have seen an unaltered complete filming of the assassination. But, writes Nalli, his model is unique in that it focuses on the forward motion of the presidents head after he was shot. Marie Muchmore was standing on the opposite side of Elm from Abe, on a grassy area set back from the street, her movie camera loaded with color film. Black Secret Service Agent, Jailed for JFK Plot Warning,, JFK Murder: Evolving Strategies for Damage Control, Was a Stop the Steal Election Hijacking Strategy Brewed Up. With fidelity to the true personality and essence of the man, the film also follows Abraham Zapruder, the businessman who filmed the shooting on his Super 8 camera, and who was devastated by what . . Zapruder recovered eventually, and the two talked periodically. When dressmaker Abraham Zapruder brought his camera to see President John F. Kennedys motorcade pass through Dealey Plaza in Dallas on November 22, 1963, he could never have suspected that hed witness anassassinationor that his home movie would become one of the most watched and examined movies of all time. Astudy published in the journal Helios corroborates that conclusion. JFK is hit in the head before he reaches the car, or so it appears on that badly damaged film. "The Zapruder film shows President Kennedy being shot from behind and not from the infamous grassy knoll, in corroboration of the official autopsy findings," says Nalli in a release. Unaltered Zapruder film - JFK Assassination Debate - The Education Forum here's some more photos showing the contact. And to orient yourself even more, check out the view in real time from the alleged snipers nest in the Texas Book Depository Building: Earthcam of Dealey Plaza. I believe the top half is the limo stopped and the bottom half when they get going. For an instant, the back of a freeway sign obscures the limousine, and then the Kennedys reappear. What I saw was more than you have there [in frame 313]. He also described a white spray. 6, 1975, when a bootleg copy of the film was broadcast on nationwide TV on ABCs Goodnight America show, hosted by Geraldo Rivera. (From this version of the film.). Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Time Life Pictures/National Archives/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images, https://www.history.com/news/jfk-assassination-grassy-knoll-theory-debunked, What Physics Reveals About the JFK Assassination. Another reference point is the moment a photographer takes a picture. And he mixed in the claims of the official story, as if they were his own observations. The film was used as evidence in the case against Lee Harvey Oswald, who shot Kennedy from a sixth-floor window at the Texas School Book Depository. Some described it as a pause, a halt or a hesitation. Ergo, a lone gunman with a single-shot bolt action rifle could not have accomplished both shots. Dellarosa claimed to have seen the same version and described what he saw in detail, that the limo had a difficult time navigating the turn from Houston onto Elm and that the limo completely stopped. Changing the direction of the head was not. Maybe someone blocked out the rear of JFK's head with black on some frames. Updated: August 23, 2018 | Original: November 19, 2013. I am pretty convinced the Z film has frames with the rear head-shot blacked out (before and after injury) and has had frames removed which coincidentally remove the brief stop. The Nix and Zapruder films were then combined into a direct simultaneous comparison movie.[29]. Plenty of information about the crime has been public for years, and Nalli drew from that well of data to create a model of the physical processes of the gunshot wound. Filmed by Abraham Zapruder. "As it came in line with my camera, I heard a shot," Abe later recalled. Abe later tried to piece together his memory of the traumatic first moments after the assassination. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. ), Below is a still frame that seems to show Jackie much closer to Hill. Those witnesses introduce a large element of doubt. But I think the top 3 prime suspects involved in JFK's death being set up were Jack Ruby and his organized crime, The Zapruder Film Mystery, the CIA, and the United States Government. https://jfkfacts.org/rewinding-the-zapruder-film/-this is Doug Horne speaking on the Zapruder film. "I started shooting--- when the motorcade started coming in, I believe I started and wanted to get it coming in from Elm St." ( Testimony of Abraham Zapruder, 7 H 571 ) The Zapruder film, silent but in color, shows a motorcade led by two open-top limousines proceeding at a stately pace through a street lined with people. A far cry from his original observation of a large gaping wound in the right rear.. Besides it shows Houston Street and everybody, I mean everybody, knows the assassination happened on Elm Street down in front of the Grassy Knoll. When Nalli studied the Zapruder film, he noticed that the presidents head snapped forward at the moment the bullet hit his skull. Related front page panorama photo credit: Adapted by WhoWhatWhy from Dealey Plaza (Father of Nehrams2020 / Wikimedia CC BY-SA 3.0). I suspect a more complex film simulation could be created to simulate the sequence I describe. Although it is not the only film of the shooting, the Zapruder film has been described as being the most complete, giving a relatively clear view from a somewhat elevated position on the side from which the president's fatal head wound is visible. (Documented below.). Sitzman said that,"He ( Zapruder ) started filming.just before they came around the corner.". Also, if pains were taken to set up alternate photographers shooting from Zapruder's POV, then there would already be a plan as to where to do the composite work after the film(s) left Dallas. And in real life, as demonstrated by the chart from the Military Armament Corporation, there are also manifold opportunities for fabrication and distortion. Witnesses can make errors, earnest errors. He indicated thatthe motorcade had stopped.https://www.maryferrell.org/showDoc.html?docId=40392#relPageId=82

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